01

In this article

  • Colour, smell, pain and duration are important
  • Unprescribed oil or drops may be unsafe
  • Persistent discharge may need hearing assessment
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Assessment and treatment

  • Keep the ear dry
  • Otoscopy/microscopy and cleaning when appropriate
  • Cause-specific safe drops or other treatment
QUICK FACTS

At a glance

Definition: Canal infection, middle-ear infection, eardrum perforation or chronic ear disease may cause fluid or pus.

Key takeaways

  • Colour, smell, pain and duration are important
  • Unprescribed oil or drops may be unsafe
  • Persistent discharge may need hearing assessment

Clinical steps

  1. Keep the ear dry
  2. Otoscopy/microscopy and cleaning when appropriate
  3. Cause-specific safe drops or other treatment

Red flags: Urgent care is needed for blood/clear fluid after injury, severe dizziness, facial weakness, fever or swelling behind the ear.

Quick FAQ: When should I see an ENT specialist?

Urgent care is needed for blood/clear fluid after injury, severe dizziness, facial weakness, fever or swelling behind the ear.

EXPERT INSIGHT

How I assess this in clinic

I first clarify duration, severity, whether symptoms are one-sided or bilateral, and their effect on daily life. I then perform a focused ENT examination and compare the findings with colour, smell, pain and duration are important.

Endoscopy or audiometry is not required for everyone. I advise endoscopy when the nose, sinus, throat or voice box needs direct assessment, and audiometry/tympanometry when hearing or middle-ear function is in question.

A common misconception is that every ENT problem needs an antibiotic or an operation. Treatment should instead follow the diagnosis, functional impact, examination findings and evidence-based indications.

Do not wait when: Urgent care is needed for blood/clear fluid after injury, severe dizziness, facial weakness, fever or swelling behind the ear.

ReferencesHearing, Ear Infections, and DeafnessNIH/NIDCDDeafness and hearing lossWorld Health Organization

For patient education; not a substitute for individual diagnosis or treatment.