In this article
- Stress, minor trauma or nutritional deficiency may contribute
- They are not contagious
- Frequent or multiple ulcers may need investigation
Assessment and treatment
- Avoid spicy/acidic foods and use a soft toothbrush
- Suitable topical pain relief
- Clinical assessment and selected tests if recurrent
At a glance
Definition: Small painful ulcers inside the mouth usually heal on their own within one to two weeks.
Key takeaways
- Stress, minor trauma or nutritional deficiency may contribute
- They are not contagious
- Frequent or multiple ulcers may need investigation
Clinical steps
- Avoid spicy/acidic foods and use a soft toothbrush
- Suitable topical pain relief
- Clinical assessment and selected tests if recurrent
Red flags: An ulcer lasting over three weeks, a hard edge, bleeding, weight loss or a neck lump needs prompt assessment.
Quick FAQ: When should I see an ENT specialist?
An ulcer lasting over three weeks, a hard edge, bleeding, weight loss or a neck lump needs prompt assessment.
How I assess this in clinic
I first clarify duration, severity, whether symptoms are one-sided or bilateral, and their effect on daily life. I then perform a focused ENT examination and compare the findings with stress, minor trauma or nutritional deficiency may contribute.
Endoscopy or audiometry is not required for everyone. I advise endoscopy when the nose, sinus, throat or voice box needs direct assessment, and audiometry/tympanometry when hearing or middle-ear function is in question.
A common misconception is that every ENT problem needs an antibiotic or an operation. Treatment should instead follow the diagnosis, functional impact, examination findings and evidence-based indications.
Do not wait when: An ulcer lasting over three weeks, a hard edge, bleeding, weight loss or a neck lump needs prompt assessment.
For patient education; not a substitute for individual diagnosis or treatment.